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KMID : 0361920190490040222
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Korean Journal of Orthodontics
2019 Volume.49 No. 4 p.222 ~ p.234
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Three-dimensional changes in lip vermilion morphology of adult female patients after extraction and non-extraction orthodontic treatment
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Liu Zhi-Yu
Yu Jie
Dai Fan-Fan
Jiang Ruo-Ping
Xu Tian-Min
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Abstract
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Objective: To investigate the three-dimensional lip vermilion changes after extraction and non-extraction orthodontic treatment in female adult patients and explore the correlation between lip vermilion changes and incisor changes.
Methods: Forty-seven young female adult patients were enrolled in this study (skeletal Class III patients were excluded), including 34 lip-protruding patients treated by extraction of four first premolars (18 patients requiring mini-implants for maximum anchorage control and 16 patients without mini-implants) and 13 patients requiring non-extraction treatment. Nine angles, seven distances, and the surface area of the lip vermilion were measured by using pre- and post-treatment three-dimensional facial scans. Linear and angular measurements of incisors were performed on lateral cephalograms.
Results: There were no significant changes in the vermilion measurements in the non-extraction group. The vermilion angle, vermilion height, central bow angle, height/width ratio, and vermilion surface area decreased significantly after the orthodontic treatment in the extraction groups, but the upper/lower vermilion proportion remained unchanged. Significant correlations were found between the changes in incisor position and those in vermilion angles, vermilion height, and surface area.
Conclusions: Extraction of the four first premolars probably produced an aesthetic improvement in lip vermilion morphology. However, the upper/lower vermilion proportion remained unchanged. The variations in the vermilion were closely related to incisor changes, especially the upper incisor inclination changes.
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KEYWORD
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Lip vermilion, Three-dimensional scanner, Adult treatment, Incisor changes
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